Oh wow this could be a how longs a piece of string answer
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I believe a finer crush usually by yourself and not by a hombrew store will yield the best quickest simplest results.
After this it's your sparge and how effectively you rinse them mash sugars out of your grain bed.
Calculating the mash efficiency is done my measuring the total mash water of mash and gravity this is your preboil gravity.
Your post boil gravity is your total liquor volume includes mash and sparge water total.
Using the "Brew Session" feature on this site will help you out tremendously.
Now I'm gunna enjoy the comments